The expansion of local crop species is suggested to have what effect on biodiversity and livelihoods?

• A. Biodiversity loss and reduced livelihoods
• B. Biodiversity improvement and expanded livelihoods
• C. No effect on livelihoods
• D. Negative environmental impact only

Answer: (B)

Expanding local crop species boosts both ecological and economic resilience. By diversifying what is grown, farming systems support a wider range of plants, animals, and soil organisms, which strengthens ecosystem health and reduces vulnerability to pests, diseases, and climate variability. This higher biodiversity also brings more pollinators, soil nutrients, and habitat for beneficial organisms, improving overall sustainability.

On livelihoods, a broader suite of local crops creates multiple income sources, improves food security with a variety of foods, and enhances market opportunities through local processing, storage, and selling options. It also leverages traditional knowledge and locally adapted crops, making communities more resilient to shocks and changes. In humanitarian contexts, this approach supports faster recovery and longer-term stability by strengthening food systems and incomes within affected areas.

Other options imagine either negative or no effects, but the positive, dual impact on biodiversity and livelihoods aligns with how crop diversification enriches ecosystems while expanding economic opportunities.